(a) Functional Chromosomes can be created by joining segments of DNA taken from cells of different species

(b) A piece of DNA taken out from an animal cell can be made to replicate outside a living cell in a laboratory

(c) Piece of DNA taken out from an animal cell can be made to replicate outside a living cell in a laboratory

(d) Cells taken out from plants and animals can be made to undergo cell division in laboratory petri dishes

(a) Fertlization of egg in vitro by the donor sperm

(b) Genetic Modification of sperm producing cells

(c) Development of stem cells into functional embryos

(d) Prevention of mitochondrial disease in offspring